GS-III · UPSC Mains PYQInternal Security 2021 10 Marks

Keeping in view India’s internal security, analyse the impact of cross-border cyber attacks. Also discuss defensive measures against these sophisticated attacks.

Microtheme: Cyber security · Asked in UPSC Civil Services Mains Examination 2021.

Microtheme deep dive

Cyber Security: Threats, Institutions, Reforms

State-sponsored attacks, ransomware, CII, CERT-In, DPDP Act, cyber diplomacy — a UPSC GS-3 framework.

Read the deep dive

Model Answer Approach

  1. Decode demand: Identify the directive verb (discuss / examine / critically analyse) and bound the scope to Cyber security.
  2. Intro (40–50 words): Define the core concept; anchor with a definition, data point, or constitutional/historical reference.
  3. Body: 2–3 thematic sub-heads with crisp points, examples and counter-arguments. Add a relevant case study or committee/report.
  4. Conclusion (30–40 words): Forward-looking — recommendations, way forward, or a constitutional/ethical anchor.

Structure Checklist

  • Definition / context in intro
  • Minimum 1 data point or report
  • Multi-dimensional arguments
  • Counter-view / limitations
  • Diagram, flowchart or map (if applicable)
  • Way forward in conclusion

Keywords to Use

keepinginternalsecurityanalyseattacksdiscussdefensivemeasures
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